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APA citing and referencing includes two fundamental parts:
On this page, the first box in the right column provides basic information about citing your sources in the body of your paper. The boxes below provide information about and practise in building a References list.
Be sure to check out the resources in the box called "Referencing Resources (with Models)."
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Exercise
If you want practice setting up references in APA, create a complete reference for each of the books and journal articles below. Once you have completed this activity, cross-check your references with those given in the box at the bottom of this page called "Response to Activity."
Suggestion: Use the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association and the resources suggested under "Referencing Resources (with Models)" to help you complete this activity.
(1) A Book
Title: More than Memories: Stories from our Past
Editors: Michael Eskin and Glenda Parsons
Publisher: The Faculty of Human Ecology, The University of Manitoba
Date of publication: 2010
Call # at the UofM library: TX 286 U56 M67 2010
# of pages: 41
(2) A Book
Title: The Human-Powered Home: Choosing Muscles Over Motors
Author: Tamara Dean
Publisher: New Society Publishers (P.O. Box 189, Gabriola Island, B.C.)
Date of publication: 2008
Call # at the UofM library: TX 298 D43 2008
# of pages: 260
(3) A Journal Article (hint: with doi)
Title: “Identification of Essential Food Skills for Skill-based Healthful Eating Programs in Secondary Schools”
Author: Sandra Fordyce-Voorham from School of Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
Date of publication: March-April, 2011
Journal: Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, Volume 43, Issue 2
Pages: 116-122
doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2009.12.002
(4) A Journal Article (hint: without doi)
Title: Political Advocacy and Research Both Needed to Address Federal-Provincial Gaps in Service: Manitoba First Nations Personal Care Homes
Author: Margaret Roscelli
Date of publication: January – February, 2005
Journal: Canadian Journal of Public Health, Volume 96
Pages: S55-59
No doi
Retrieved from a database: Proquest, Document # 785350121
References
Dean, T. (2008). The human-powered home: Choosing muscles over motors. Gabriola Island, B.C.: New Society Publishers.
Eskin, M., & Parsons, G. (Eds.). (2010). More than memories: Stories from our past. Winnipeg, Mb: The Faculty of Human Ecology, The University of Manitoba.
Fordyce-Voorham, S. (2011). Identification of essential food skills for skill-based healthful eating programs in secondary schools. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 43(2), 116-122. doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2009.12.002
Roscelli, M. (2005). Political advocacy and research both needed to address federal-provincial gaps in service: Manitoba First Nations personal care homes. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 96, S55-59. Available from Proquest. (785350121)
Citing the material that comes from your sources (e.g. ideas, facts, statistics) is important because by citing, you are telling your reader which ideas are yours and which ideas come from others.
When you cite your sources in the body of your paper, be sure to include
There are two ways of setting up in-text references in APA:
(1) Using a parenthetical reference
Example: Thin-slicing is a term that describes the quick evaluations that people make every day (Gladwell, 2005).
(2) Using a lead-in that names the author and date before the cited material is provided
Example: Gladwell (2005) argues that "thin-slicing" is a fundamental activity for human beings. He comments that "[w]e thin-slice whenever we meet a new person or have to make sense of something quickly or encounter a novel situation" (pp. 43-44).
Click here for a handout from the Learning Assistance Centre that can help you create lead-in phrases.
There are so many useful referencing resources for APA style. The following sources contain models for referencing and are recommended by us. We often refer to these sites in our work and direct students to the sites. Browse all of them and see which one might work for you:
Mr. David Peak posted this useful YouTube piece and shows how to create a cover page, abstract, and the body of paper in APA 6th Style using Microsoft Word step by step.
Refer to APA Blog site managed by American Pscyhology Association. For example, this blog post explains what is expected in a cover page. Simply use the site's Goolge Search Engine to find the answer to your question. For example, if you want to know how to cite notes you made from your class leture, type in "class lecture," and see if you can find the answer among the list it made.