MHIKNET Toolkits: Cultural Competency and Safety

Cultural Competency and Safety

Articles

Cultural Competence

• Diversity initiatives: Intended and unintended effects. Current Opinions in Psychology. 2025.
• The cultural safety of research reports on primary healthcare use by Indigenous Peoples: a systematic review. BMC Health Services Research. 2024;24(1):873.
• Adaptation models, barriers, and facilitators for cultural safety in telepsychiatry: a systematic scoping review. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare. 2024;30(3):466-474.
• The patient perspective on diversity-sensitive care: a systematic review. International Journal for Equity in Health. 2024;23(1):117.
• LGBTQ + cultural competency training for health professionals: a systematic review. BMC Medical Education. 2023;23(1):558.
• A Systematic Review of Culturally Competent Family Violence Responses to Women in Primary Care. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2023;24(2):928-945.
• Systematic review of Indigenous cultural safety training interventions for healthcare professionals in Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States. BMJ Open. 2023;13(10).
• Culturally Sensitive Interventions in Pediatric Primary Care Settings: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics. 2022;149(2).
• Health professional perspectives on translation of cultural safety concepts into practice: a scoping review. Front Rehabilitation Science. 2022.
• How to measure cultural competence when evaluating patient-centred care: a scoping review. BMJ Open. 2018.8(7).

Communication 

• Cross-cultural communication: Tools for working with families and children. Paediatric Child Health. 2018;23(1):66-69.
• Supportive Care: Communication Strategies to Improve Cultural Competence in Shared Decision Making. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2016;11(10):1902-1908.
• Fostering Safe Spaces for Dialogue and Relationship-building Between Newcomers and Indigenous Peoples. The Winnipeg Foundation. 2020.
• Cultural appropriateness in health communication: a review and a revised framework. Journal of Health Communication. 2019;24(5):492-502.

Colonialism & Intergenerational Trauma

• Canada's Colonial Genocide of Indigenous Peoples: a review of the psychosocial and neurobiological processes linking trauma and intergenerational outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022;19(11).
• Understanding access to healthcare among Indigenous peoples: A comparative analysis of biomedical and postcolonial perspectives.. Nursing Inquiry. 2018;25(3).
• Action steps using ACEs and trauma-informed care: a resilience model. Health Justice. 2017;5(1):5.
• Historical trauma as public narrative: a conceptual review of how history impacts present-day health. Social Science and Medicine. 2014;106:128-36.
• Decolonization Is Not a Metaphor. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society. 2012;1(1):1-40.
• Colonialism as a Broader Social Determinant of Health. The International Indigenous Policy Journal. 2011;2(1).

Racism

• Centering Racial Health Equity in Systematic Reviews. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2024.
• Racial Climate Survey Report. Winnipeg: Centre for Healthcare Innovation; 2023.
• The Emperor Has No Clothes: Teaching About Race and Racism to People Who Don’t Want to Know. Charlotte, N.C.: Information Age Publishers; 2010.
• The Colour of Democracy: Racism in Canadian Society. Toronto: Harcourt Brace Canada; 1995. (Click "borrow" one person can read this book at a time.

Trauma-Informed Care

• Barriers and enablers for the implementation of trauma-informed care in healthcare settings: a systematic review. Implementation Science Communications. 2023;4(1):49.
• Trauma informed interventions: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2021;16(6).
• Trauma-informed care interventions in emergency medicine: a systematic review. The Western Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2022;23(3):334-344.
• A paradigm shift: relationships in trauma-informed mental health services. BJPsych Advances. 2018;24(5):319-333.
• Trauma-Informed Practice Guide. 2013.
• Practice Guidelines for Treatment of Complex Trauma and Trauma Informed Care and Service Delivery. Blue Knot Foundation. 2012.

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Indigenous Health Research Methods

Many more Indigenous research methods resources are listed on the University of Manitoba Library website.

• The First Nations principles of OCAP^® 2024. The First Nations Information Governance Centre.
• Protocol for a scoping review of traditional medicine, research methods, methodologies, frameworks and strategies. Frontiers in Medicine. 2024.
• Towards equity-informed approaches to evidence synthesis. Public Health Ontario. 2024.
• Indigenous health research and reconciliation. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2019;191(34):930-931.
• Encompassing Cultural Contexts Within Scientific Research Methodologies in the Development of Health Promotion Interventions. Prevention Science. 2018;21(Suppl 1):33-42.
• Engaged witnessing: Researching with the more-than-human. Area. 2018;50(1):136-144.
• Reciprocal Inuit and Western research training: facilitating research capacity and community agency in Arctic research partnerships. International Journal of Circumpolar Health. 2018;77(1).
• Conducting Indigenous research in Western knowledge spaces: aligning theory and methodology. The Australian Educational Researcher. 2017;44(1).
• Decolonizing both researcher and research and its effectiveness in Indigenous research. Research Ethics. 2017;14(2).
• Indigenous research methods: A systematic review. International Indigenous Policy Journal. 2017;8(2).
• Qualitative health research involving indigenous peoples: Culturally appropriate data collection methods. The Qualitative Report. 2016;21(12):2230-2245.

National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls

• 2023 - 2024 Federal pathway annual progress report. Government of Canada;2024.
• Federal pathway to address Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women, Girls and 2SLGBTQQIA+ People. Government of Canada.; 2021.
• 2021 Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women, Girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA+ People National Action Plan: Ending Violence Against Indigenous Women, Girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA+ People. 2021.
• Reclaiming Power and Place: The Final Report of the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. 2019.

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Truth and Reconciliation

National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation

Reports (In addition to the NCTR reports, other modern and historical reports are available)

Main Page

United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

Resources

Indigenous Peoples, Department of Economic and Social Affairs - Main Page

Truth & Reconciliation Web Archives

University of Winnipeg

University of Manitoba

Library and Archives Canada

The Path to Reconciliation Act C.C.S.M. c. R30.5

The Path to Reconciliation Act, C.C.S.M. c. R30.5 / Loi sur la réconciliation, c. R30.5 de la C.P.L.M.

Progress reports

• The Path To Reconciliation Act (MB). Manitoba Indigenous Reconciliation and Northern Relations. 2015-2022. (Oji-Cree, Ojibwe, Michif, Inuktitut, Dene, Cree, Dakota.)
• Winnipeg Indigenous Accord. Partner Goals & Progress Reports 2018-2024.
• Delivering on Truth and Reconciliation Commission Calls to Action. 2024.

Manitoba Harm Reduction Network

• Application + Action: TRC Reading Guide for Non-Indigenous Organizations. Winnipeg:Manitoba Harm Education Network. 2018.
• Annual Report Manitoba Harm Reduction Network 2022/2023. Winnipeg: Manitoba Harm Education Network. 2023.

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Additional Web Resources

Videos

Cultural Safety for Aboriginal Peoples: a Determinant of Health. National Collaborating Centre for Aboriginal Health. 2016. 

Indigenous Cultural Safety Collaborative learning series webinars videos. Indigenous Cultural Safety. 2024.

Useful Websites

Culturally Connected

Manitoba Trauma Information Centre

Treaty Relations Commission of Manitoba

Online Courses

Indigenous Canada (University of Alberta Massive Open Online Course)

The First Nations Principles of OCAP® (The First Nations Information Governance Centre)